Prednisone, while a powerful anti-inflammatory medication, suppresses the immune system, leaving you more vulnerable to viral infections. Certain viruses pose a greater risk during prednisone use. For example, individuals taking prednisone are at increased risk for developing severe infections with varicella-zoster virus (VZV), the virus causing chickenpox and shingles. This risk increases with higher prednisone doses and longer treatment durations. If you’re on prednisone and haven’t had chickenpox, talk to your doctor about the varicella vaccine. If you are exposed to chickenpox, inform your physician immediately.
Herpes Viruses and Prednisone
Prednisone can also worsen infections caused by herpes viruses, including herpes simplex virus (HSV), which causes oral and genital herpes, and cytomegalovirus (CMV), a common virus that can cause serious complications in immunocompromised individuals. These viruses can reactivate or cause more severe illness in those taking prednisone. Early antiviral treatment is crucial to manage outbreaks and minimize complications. Regular monitoring for signs of infection is recommended.
Respiratory Viruses
Respiratory viruses like influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can present a significant threat to individuals on prednisone. These infections can become more severe and prolonged. Annual influenza vaccination is highly recommended. Maintaining good hygiene, such as frequent handwashing and avoiding close contact with sick individuals, is critical to prevent infection. Your doctor might recommend additional preventative measures based on your risk factors.
