Stable angina presents as chest pain or discomfort triggered by exertion and relieved by rest or nitroglycerin. This pain typically feels like pressure, squeezing, fullness, or a burning sensation in the chest. It may radiate to the left arm, jaw, neck, or back. The intensity and duration are usually consistent.
Diagnosis involves a thorough medical history and physical examination. Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are often used to detect abnormalities during episodes of angina. Stress tests, such as treadmill tests or nuclear imaging studies, help evaluate the heart’s response to increased workload. Coronary angiography, a procedure that visualizes the coronary arteries, provides detailed images to identify blockages.
Treatment focuses on lifestyle modifications and medication. Lifestyle changes include a balanced diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation, and weight management. Medications commonly prescribed for stable angina include nitrates (e. g., nitroglycerin) to dilate blood vessels and reduce chest pain, beta-blockers to slow the heart rate and reduce blood pressure, and statins to lower cholesterol levels. In some cases, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) may be necessary to open blocked arteries.
Regular follow-up appointments with your cardiologist are vital for monitoring your condition and adjusting your treatment plan as needed. Open communication with your doctor about your symptoms and any changes in your health is crucial for effective management of stable angina. Promptly report any increase in chest pain frequency or severity.
