Prednisone, a corticosteroid, causes weight gain primarily through increased appetite and altered metabolism. It increases the production of cortisol, a hormone that regulates metabolism and appetite. Higher cortisol levels stimulate your appetite, leading to increased food intake.
Additionally, prednisone affects fat distribution. It promotes fat storage in the abdomen, face, and upper back, resulting in a characteristic “moon face” and central obesity. This is because prednisone interferes with the body’s ability to effectively break down fat and utilize glucose for energy. The body then stores excess energy as fat.
Furthermore, prednisone can increase insulin resistance. This means your body becomes less sensitive to insulin, the hormone that helps regulate blood sugar. As a result, more glucose stays in the bloodstream and gets converted to fat, contributing further to weight gain.
Fluid retention also plays a role. Prednisone can cause your body to retain sodium and water, leading to bloating and weight increase, although this component is often temporary and less significant than the metabolic effects.
Managing weight gain on prednisone requires a multifaceted approach. A balanced diet low in processed foods and saturated fats is crucial. Regular exercise, even short, moderate-intensity sessions, helps manage metabolism and counteract some effects. Consulting a doctor or registered dietitian is strongly advised for personalized guidance and to address underlying health issues.
