Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is high blood pressure in the arteries leading to your lungs. This increased pressure makes it harder for your heart to pump blood, leading to shortness of breath, fatigue, and dizziness. Several types of PH exist, each with varying causes and severities.
Causes and Risk Factors
PH can stem from various sources, including heart defects (like left heart failure), lung diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or COPD), blood clots in the lungs, autoimmune diseases, and genetic conditions. Certain factors increase your risk, such as family history of PH, connective tissue diseases, and long-term exposure to high altitude.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis involves physical exams, blood tests, echocardiograms (ultrasound of the heart), and cardiac catheterization (a procedure measuring blood pressure in the heart and lungs). Treatment aims to reduce blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries and improve heart function. This often includes medications like sildenafil, which helps relax and widen blood vessels. Other treatment options include oxygen therapy, diuretics (to reduce fluid buildup), anticoagulants (to prevent blood clots), and, in severe cases, surgery or a lung transplant. Regular monitoring and adherence to treatment plans are crucial for managing PH and improving quality of life. Discuss treatment options with your doctor to develop a personalized plan.
Lifestyle Adjustments
Adopting a healthy lifestyle plays a significant role in PH management. Regular exercise (as tolerated), a balanced diet, and stress reduction techniques are beneficial. Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption. Your healthcare provider can provide guidance on suitable exercise routines and dietary modifications.
