Trazodone is a medication primarily used to treat major depressive disorder. It’s an atypical antidepressant, meaning it doesn’t fit neatly into the older categories of antidepressants like SSRIs or tricyclics.
Mechanism of Action
Trazodone’s exact mechanism isn’t fully understood, but it’s known to primarily block serotonin receptors (5-HT2A receptors). This action is believed to contribute to its antidepressant effects. Additionally, it inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine to a lesser extent, further influencing mood regulation. This dual action on serotonin and norepinephrine systems distinguishes it from many other antidepressants.
Dosage and Administration
Trazodone is usually prescribed as an oral tablet. Your doctor will determine the appropriate dosage based on your individual needs and response to treatment. Typical starting dosages are relatively low, often increased gradually until an effective dose is reached. It’s important to follow your doctor’s instructions carefully.
Potential Side Effects
Like all medications, trazodone can cause side effects. Common side effects include drowsiness, dizziness, dry mouth, and nausea. Less common but more serious side effects include changes in blood pressure and heart rhythm. It’s crucial to report any concerning side effects to your doctor immediately.
Trazodone vs. Other Antidepressants
| Primary Mechanism | Serotonin receptor antagonism | Serotonin reuptake inhibition | Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition |
| Sedation | High | Moderate to Low | Moderate |
| Sexual Side Effects | Relatively low | Common | Common |
Important Note
Trazodone is not a quick fix for depression. It usually takes several weeks before noticeable improvement in mood is observed. Consistent medication use as prescribed by a doctor is essential for achieving optimal benefits. Never stop taking trazodone abruptly; consult your doctor for guidance on tapering the dose.
