Finasteride works by inhibiting the enzyme 5α-reductase, specifically the type II isoenzyme. This enzyme converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a potent androgen strongly linked to hair follicle miniaturization in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). By blocking DHT production, finasteride helps maintain larger, more productive hair follicles, promoting hair growth and reducing hair loss.
Clinical Studies and Results
Numerous studies demonstrate finasteride’s efficacy in treating male pattern baldness. A meta-analysis of 18 studies showed a significant increase in hair count and improvement in hair density in men treated with finasteride compared to placebo. Specific results vary, but many men experience noticeable improvements in hair growth and a slowing or halting of hair loss within six to twelve months of consistent use. Studies typically utilize 1mg daily dosages.
Important Considerations
While generally well-tolerated, finasteride can cause side effects, including decreased libido and sexual dysfunction. These are generally mild and transient, but open communication with a physician is paramount. Finasteride is generally not suitable for women, particularly those who are pregnant or may become pregnant. Consistent use is key for optimal results; discontinuation often leads to a return of hair loss. A healthcare professional should assess individual suitability and monitor treatment progress.
