Colitis describes inflammation of the large intestine (colon). Several types exist, each with its own characteristics. Understanding these differences is key to effective management.
Ulcerative Colitis
Ulcerative colitis affects the innermost lining of the colon. Inflammation typically begins in the rectum and can spread upward. Symptoms include bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramping, urgency to defecate, and weight loss. Severe cases may cause fever and anemia.
Crohn’s Disease
Unlike ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease can affect any part of the digestive tract, from mouth to anus. Inflammation is transmural, meaning it penetrates all layers of the bowel wall. Symptoms are similar to ulcerative colitis but can also include mouth sores, skin rashes, and joint pain. Patients often experience periods of remission and relapse.
Microscopic Colitis
Microscopic colitis is diagnosed through a colonoscopy with biopsy. Two main types exist: lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis. Symptoms often include watery diarrhea, often without blood. These types frequently respond well to specific medications.
Note: These descriptions provide a general overview. Individual experiences vary. Always consult a medical professional for diagnosis and treatment. Self-treating colitis can be harmful.
Ischemic Colitis
Ischemic colitis results from reduced blood flow to the colon. Risk factors include conditions that affect blood flow like atherosclerosis or blood clots. Symptoms range from mild cramping to severe abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Prompt medical attention is vital.
Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional for any health concerns.
